Answer: Try closing your eyes.
We often intuitively close our eyes when trying to remember something. This series of studies by Perfect and colleagues suggests that closing our eyes really does help us to remember events we’ve witnessed–and quite impressively so.
How can we help witnesses to remember more? It’s an (eyes) open and shut case.
Abstract
Five experiments tested the idea that instructing a witness to close their eyes during retrieval might increase retrieval success. In Experiment 1 participants watched a video, before a cued-recall test for which they were either instructed to close their eyes, or received no-instructions. Eye-closure led to an increase in correct cued-recall, with no increase in incorrect responses. Experiments 2-5 sought to test the generality of this effect over variations in study material (video or live interaction), test format (cued- or free-recall) and information modality (visual or auditory details recalled). Overall, eye-closure increased recall of both visual detail and auditory details, with no accompanying increase in recall of false details. Collectively, these data convincingly demonstrate the benefits of eye-closure as an aid to retrieval, and offer insight into why hypnosis, which usually involves eye-closure, may facilitate eyewitness recall.
Here is the complete scientific paper:
How Can We Help Witnesses to Remember More? It’s an (Eyes) Open and Shut Case
In their paper, Perfect et al mention that the eye-witnesses are advised to close their eyes when trying to recall what they saw:
“In their handbook [Memory enhancing techniques for investigative interviewing: The cognitive interview], Fisher and Geiselman (1992) gave the following advice:
To probe mental images most effectively, competing sensory signals should be minimized. The interview room should be set up with as few distracting sights and sounds as possible. To block out the remaining signals, the eyewitness should be encouraged to close her eyes and concentrate on her mental image. The interviewer might suggest ‘This is a very difficult task and will require a lot of concentration. You’ll probably find it easier to concentrate if you close your eyes.’“
For neural pathways I adopted coloured pins. If we were in the labs and were identifying segments of cadavers I would use a certain coloured pin. When studying from textbooks i would use the same coloured felt tipped marker and underline words with that. I use repitition for lists as an independant check and write them out over and over until I can remember them off the top of my head, in the same colour as the pins used on the cadavers.