How can I write well?

Answer: Follow these famous witty rules of William Safire:

William Safire’s Rules for Writers:

  • Remember to never split an infinitive.
  • The passive voice should never be used.
  • Do not put statements in the negative form.
  • Verbs have to agree with their subjects.
  • Proofread carefully to see if you words out.
  • If you reread your work, you can find on rereading a great deal of repetition can be by rereading and editing.
  • A writer must not shift your point of view.
  • And don’t start a sentence with a conjunction. (Remember, too, a preposition is a terrible word to end a sentence with.)
  • Don’t overuse exclamation marks!!
  • Place pronouns as close as possible, especially in long sentences, as of 10 or more words, to their antecedents.
  • Writing carefully, dangling participles must be avoided.
  • If any word is improper at the end of a sentence, a linking verb is.
  • Take the bull by the hand and avoid mixing metaphors.
  • Avoid trendy locutions that sound flaky.
  • Everyone should be careful to use a singular pronoun with singular nouns in their writing.
  • Always pick on the correct idiom.
  • The adverb always follows the verb.
  • Last but not least, avoid cliches like the plague; seek viable alternatives.

Written by William Safire  in his “On Language” column in the New York Times on 4 November 1979

Here are some more famous rules writing rules:


George Orwell’s 6 Rules for Writing Well:

1. Never use a metaphor, simile, or other figure of speech which you are used to seeing in print.

2. Never use a long word where a short one will do.

3. If it is possible to cut a word out, always cut it out.

4. Never use the passive where you can use the active.

5. Never use a foreign phrase, a scientific word, or a jargon word if you can think of an everyday English equivalent.

6. Break any of these rules sooner than say anything outright barbarous.

from George Orwell: Politics and the English Language

How do I go about being a writer? I want to write, but I’m not sure how to go about it and whether I’m good enough.

 

 

Answer (1):  Read Elizabeth Gilbert’s essay Some Thoughts on Writing.


Elizabeth Gilbert wrote the multi-millon-copy best seller Eat Pray Love. 

In her essay, Some Thoughts on Writing, she gives wise and inspiring advice to all aspiring writers ( and would-be-creators of anything fine and beautiful):

 

Elizabeth Gilbert

SOME THOUGHTS ON WRITING

Sometimes people ask me for help or suggestions about how to write, or how to get published. Keeping in mind that this is all very ephemeral and personal, I will try to explain here everything that I believe about writing. I hope it is useful. It’s all I know.

I believe that – if you are serious about a life of writing, or indeed about any creative form of expression – that you should take on this work like a holy calling. I became a writer the way other people become monks or nuns. I made a vow to writing, very young. I became Bride-of-Writing. I was writing’s most devotional handmaiden. I built my entire life around writing. I didn’t know how else to do this. I didn’t know anyone who had ever become a writer. I had no, as they say, connections. I had no clues. I just began.Click here to read the whole essay.

Answer (2): Watch Elizabeth Gilbert’s 19-minute TED video: A new way to think about creativity.  

“Eat, Pray, Love” Author Elizabeth Gilbert muses on the impossible things we expect from artists and geniuses — and shares the radical idea that, instead of the rare person “being” a genius, all of us “have” a genius. It’s a funny, personal and surprisingly moving talk.”

YouTube Preview Image
 

 

 

How to write scientific papers and books well

1. Write like Elliot Aronson.

Elliot Aronson is one of our most influential social psychologists, and the only person in the 120-year history of the American Psychological Association to win all three of its major awards for distinguished research, distinguished teaching, and distinguished writing. 

In the 30-minute video below, move the time cursor to 19 ‘ 30″ to catch the 10 minutes Aronson talks about how he wrote his journal articles and books on social psychology.  What a wise and lovely  guy he is!

How can I write clearly, concisely, forcefully and humanly?

 

14 Rules of Clear, Concise, Forceful, Human Writing

  

BE CLEAR

1.         Especially when writing to the general public: Have you used any words your reader may not understand?

2.         Especially when writing to people outside your area: Have you defined all unfamiliar jargon terms? Would plain, everyday words be easier for your reader?

3.         Have you used any long, fancy, formal words such as utilise and endeavour when you could have used short, plain everyday words such as use and try?

4.         Have you used any vague, general terms such as a considerable saving, several new staff, when you could have given specific, precise details such as a saving of $5000 a month, seven new staff?

 

BE CONCISE

5.         Have you used any wordy phrases such as a great number of and a sufficient number of when you could have used single words such as many and enough?

6.         Have you spelt out any details which are obvious such as pink in colour and the months of May and June?

7.         Have you unintentionally repeated yourself anywhere such as be truthful and honest, definite decision and circle around?

8.         Have you started any sentences with “It is” or “There is”? Would these sentences work better if you started them another way?

 

BE FORCEFUL

9.         Have you used any abstract noun phrases such as took measurements of instead of strong verbs such as measured?

10.        Are any of your sentences in the passive voice such as The boy was hit by the man? Would any of these passive voice sentences read better in the active voice such as The man hit the boy.

 

BE HUMAN (except in very formal documents )

11.        Have you missed any opportunities to use personal pronouns like I and you and we?

12.        Would any of your sentences read better as direct questions? For example, the statement I need to find out whether you are coming to the Senior Executives meeting on Wednesday would be better written as a question: Are you coming to the Senior Executives meeting on Wednesday?

13.        When you know your reader quite well: Have you used your reader’s name in your letter? If not, is  there anywhere you could use their name, for example, Also, thanks, Joe, for the booklet on emu farming.

14.        For relaxed, friendly letters: Have you remembered to use contractions such as don’t and can’t and     I’ll when appropriate?

                                                                   

 

How can I quickly learn how to use commas correctly?

Answer: Search Google for lots of  online quizzes to test your comma skills.

 

The best quizzes will explain why your answer is wrong.

This BBC commas quiz is good to start with. Pick your level:  beginner, confident or superstar ! Try it — it’s fun!

To improve your score, before doing the quiz, print off and read the accompanying  factsheet  “when to use commas”  

 Warning: Nothing in English is logical!  The Americans and the English disagree about how to punctuate a list of items!

The English leave out the comma between the second-last item and the last item; they believe “and”  is enough to separate the last two items. The Americans, however, do add a comma to the “and“, creating a possibly over-decorated but definitely non-ambiguous “comma and” separation.

The English way:        red, white and blue flag

The American way:   red, white, and blue flag

Which way is better? Really, it doesn’t matter in the grand scheme of things!  Being Australian, I use both conventions when it suits.  I use the uncluttered “and” option  for one-word items and the non-ambiguous “, and” option for multi-word items:

and option:           red, white and blue flag

, and option:         black-eyed peas, well-brushed potatoes, and  a generous handful of just-picked beans.

Remember, the job of the comma simply is to help your reader understand your meaning first time.

Here is another excellent quiz.  It’s American, so prepare for the rule change! It covers more comma rules, so it’s harder.  If you want to get a good score, defintely print off  the cheat sheet beforehand and study it!

Now do this more advanced series of quizzes:

Using commas with introductory phrases

Commas with coordinating conjunctions

Commas — Fill in the blanks

 By now, you must be getting pretty good at commas! Print off and study this definitive cheat sheet, and you’re ready to tackle  this rather hard and more realistic quiz.  Here, you are given comma-less text, and you have to insert commas where they belong.  

Hopefully, by now, you are a Comma  Master!  If you are, you can feel truly proud because hardly anyone knows how to use commas correctly!  

If you’d like more comma practice, here are some more quizzes:

From chompchomp.com (remember to look at the top of the page to see if your answer is correct )

Comma quiz 1 

Comma quiz 2

Comma quiz 3

Comma quiz 4

Comma quiz 5

and Quiz from GrammarBook.com